Adelie and Chinstrap penguins were fitted with a combined GPS and time-depth recorder (TDR) tags for between two and fourteen days in order to log their three-dimensional foraging trips. Tags were deployed between December and February of 2008 with a total of 19 Adelie penguin tracks and 35 Chinstrap penguin tracks.

Adelie and Chinstrap penguins were fitted with both GPS loggers and time-depth recorder (TDR) tags for between two and fourteen days in order to log their three-dimensional foraging trips. Tags were deployed between December and February of 2011/12, 2013/14 and 2015/16 with a total of 36 Adelie penguin GPS tracks, 37 Adelie penguinTDR tracks, 52 Chinstrap penguin GPS tracks and 48 Chinstrap penguin TDR tracks.

This dataset comprises Sentinel2 satellite imagery and derived geographic locations of five emperor penguin colonies located in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea, between October to December 2022. Medium-resolution satellite data was monitored for the presence of emperor penguin colonies, and when colonies were found, imagery was digitised and downloaded from Copernicus playground. Satellite data indicate early sea ice break-up at three of the four colonies, and the disappearance of the fourth colony. Digitisation and annotation of satellite imagery was carried out by the British Antarctic Survey, and supported by NERC core funding and WWF grant NEB 2181.

Macaroni penguins spend the winter at sea and return to colonies on land during the austral spring to reproduce. Arrival weights of male and female Macaroni penguins on Bird Island, South Georgia have been monitored since 1988. The current protocol is that 50 males are weighed on 28th October and 50 females on 8th November. This work was funded by Natural Environment Research Council (UK) core funding to the British Antarctic Survey.

Images of bird colonies on Signy Island, South Orkney were collected by low-altitude aerial photography from multirotor Un-crewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Three species were included in this study; gentoo (Pygoscelis antarctica) and chinstrap (Pygoscelis papua) penguin and South Georgia shag (Leucocarbo atriceps georgianus). Data were collected in the 2016/17 and 2017/18 field seasons. Mosaic images were created for colonies surveyed with multiple frames by stitching together individual images.

During the 2019/20 austral summer, an unoccupied aerial vehicle (UAV; drone) was used to collect imagery of breeding populations of seals, penguins and albatross. Two extensive southern elephant seal breeding sites were surveyed with complete counts made around the peak pupping date. A total of nine islands historically recorded as breeding sites for wandering albatross were surveyed. Populations of Adelie and chinstrap penguin colonies at the South Sandwich Islands, an extensive king penguin colony on South Georgia and a macaroni penguin colony, also on South Georgia, were also included in the surveys. The South Georgia aspects of this work were funded by grants to the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) from the Government of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands and UK Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office. The South Sandwich Islands expedition was funded by the John Ellerman Foundation and donations from passengers on Quark Expeditions'' ships.

Numbers of nesting birds were manually counted from images collected by low-altitude aerial photography from multirotor Un-crewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Three species were included in this study; gentoo (Pygoscelispapua) and chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) penguin and South Georgia shag (Leucocarbo atriceps georgianus). Data were collected in the 2016/17 and 2017/18 field seasons.

This study took place from 12 November to 1 December 2015, at the emperor penguin colony at Rothschild Island (-69.5 S, -72.3 W) located on sea ice < 1 km from the eastern coastline of the island in Lazarev Bay. ARGOS telemetry devices were attached to adult emperor penguins en route to, or from, the colony. The last recorded positions were on 26 April 2016 when data collection was terminated; at this date six instruments were still transmitting. PTT devices were deployed as a joint operation between Philip Trathan (British Antarctic Survey), and Barbara Wienecke (Australian Antarctic Division). Catrin Thomas acted as the BAS Field General Assistant. Funding: This work was supported by the UKRI/ BAS ALI-Science project and to the Australian Antarctic Program. Philip Trathan was also supported by WWF (UK) under grant GB095701.